The primary motivation behind this book is to present a deep, up-to-date investigation of the rapidly expanding approaches emerging in recent years, and to offer readers a clear understanding of their routes toward clinical implementation. Readers will not only access current methods but also gain insight into how scientific ideas evolve, develop, and ultimately become tangible innovations. What distinguishes this work is its strong translational perspective and its reliance on the most current and reliable scientific sources. Throughout the development of this book, the editors have set priority to scientific accuracy, validity, and academic integrity. Each chapter has been carefully reviewed and aligned with the relevant scientific literature. We extend our sincere gratitude to all contributing authors, the institutions providing technical support, and the publication team. We hope this book enhances your learning experience and inspires new research ideas.